This is an outdated version published on 2022-06-26. Read the most recent version.

Time-varying Stock Market Integration and Diversification Opportunities within Developed Markets (Using Aggregated data approach)

Time-varying Stock Market Integration and Diversification Opportunities

Authors

  • Sultan Salahuddin Benazir Bhutto Shaheed University, Karachi
  • Salman Sarwat Benazir Bhutto Shaheed University, Karachi
  • Umair Baig Benazir Bhutto Shaheed University, Layri Karachi
  • Mudassir Hussain Benazir Bhutto Shaheed University, Karachi

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51153/mf.v17i1.535

Keywords:

Sock market integration, Diversification opportunities, Developed markets, VECM

Abstract

This study examines the time-varying feature of Developed stock markets to identify diversification opportunities. For this purpose, we sample 21 developed countries ranging from 2000-2018 from the Pacific Region, Northern Europe, Western Europe, Southern Europe, and G7, with each region consisting of a panel with one home country and other as remaining countries portfolio. We applied Panel co-integration and VECM to test the stock market integration and diversification opportunities in short and long run. Our results indicate few short and long-run diversification opportunities for international investors in the post-crisis period that are more relevant. Canada, Japan, and Italy have long-run opportunities for diversification in the G7, and only Japan has short-run opportunities for diversification. Hong Kong and Japan have short-and long-run opportunities for diversification in the Pacific region. In the Northern Europe region, we have only the short-run diversification option of the UK and Norway. In the Western European Region, Australia and Switzerland have long-term diversification. There are no long and short-run diversification opportunities in the Southern European Region in the post-crisis period.

References

Ajayi, R. A., & Mehdian, S. M. (1995). Global reaction of security prices to major US-induced surprises: an empirical investigation. Applied Financial Economics, 5(4), 203-218.

Bae , K.-H., & Zhang, X. (2015). The Cost of Stock Market Integration in Emerging Markets. Asia-Paciï¬c Journal of Financial Studies, 44, 1–23 .

Bae , K.-H., & Zhang, X. (2015). The Cost of Stock Market Integration in Emerging Markets. Asia-Paciï¬c Journal of Financial Studies, 44, 1–23 .

Bekaert, G., & Harvey, C. R. (1995). Timeâ€varying world market integration. The Journal of Finance, 50(2), 403-444.

Bekaert, G., & Harvey, C. R. (2003). Market integration and contagion (No. w9510). National Bureau of Economic Research. vol. 78(1), pages 39-70

Bekaert, G., Ehrmann, M., Fratzscher, M. & Mehl, A. J. 2011. Global crisis and equity market contagion. National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper Series, No. 17121.

Bekaert, G., Hodrick, R. J., & Zhang, X. (2009). International stock return comovements. The Journal of Finance, 64(6), 2591-2626.

Bessler, D. A., & Yang, J. (2003). The structure of interdependence in international stock markets. Journal of international money and finance, 22(2), 261-287.

Bowman, R. G., & Comer, M. R. (2000). The reaction of world equity markets to the Asian economic crisis. In University of Auckland Working paper.

Chambet, A., & Gibson, R. (2008). Financial integration, economic instability, and trade structure in emerging markets. Journal of International Money and Finance, 27(4), 654-675.

Cheng, A. R., Jahan-Parvar, M. R., & Rothman, P. (2010). An empirical investigation of stock market behavior in the Middle East and North Africa. Journal of Empirical Finance, 17(3), 413-427.

Christoffersen, P., Errunza, V., Jacobs, K., & Jin, X. (2014). Correlation dynamics and international diversification benefits. International Journal of Forecasting, 30(3), 807-824.

Claus, E., & Lucey, B. M. (2012). Equity market integration in the Asia Pacific region: Evidence from discount factors. Research in International Business and Finance, 26(2), 137-163.

Collins, D., & Biekpe, N. (2002). Should Emerging Market Contagion Be a Fear for African Stock Markets?. Mimeo, Cape Town: University of Cape Town, School of Management Studies.

Dungey, M. & Gajurel, D. 2014. Equity market contagion during the global financial crisis: evidence from the world's eight largest economies. Economic Systems, 38, 161-177.

Goetzmann, W. N., & Kumar, A. (2005). Why do individual investors hold under-diversified portfolios? (No. ysm454). Yale School of Management.

Grubel, H. G. (1968). Internationally diversified portfolios: welfare gains and capital flows. The American Economic Review, 58(5), 1299-1314.

Horvath, R., & Petrovski, D. (2013). International stock market integration: Central and South Eastern Europe compared. Economic Systems, 37(1), 81-91.

Im, K. S., Pesaran, M. H., & Shin, Y. (2003). Testing for unit roots in heterogeneous panels. Journal of econometrics, 115(1), 53-74.

Johnson, R., & Soenen, L. (2009). Commodity prices and stock market behavior in South American countries in the short run. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 45(4), 69-82.

Kao, C. (1999). Spurious regression and residual-based tests for cointegration in panel data. Journal of econometrics, 90(1), 1-44.

Kim, S. J., Moshirian, F., & Wu, E. (2005). Dynamic stock market integration driven by the European Monetary Union: An empirical analysis. Journal of Banking & Finance, 29(10), 2475-2502.

Lehkonen, H. (2015). Stock market integration and the global financial crisis. Review of Finance, 19(5), 2039-2094.

Lehkonen, H. (2015). Stock market integration and the global financial crisis. Review of Finance, 19(5), 2039-2094.

Levin, A., Lin, C. F. and Chu, J. (2002). Unit Root Tests in Panel Data: Asymptotic and Finite Sample Properties. Journal of Econometrics, 108, 1–24.

Maddala, G. S., & Wu, S. (1999). A comparative study of unit root tests with panel data and a new simple test. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and statistics, 61(S1), 631-652.

Markowitz, H. (1952). Portfolio selection. The Journal of Finance, 7(1), 77-91.

Mateus, T. (2004). The risk and predictability of equity returns of the EU accession countries. Emerging Markets Review, 5(2), 241-266.

Morelli, D. (2009). Capital market integration: evidence from the G7 countries. Applied financial economics, 19(13), 1043-1057.

Narayan, S., & Rehman, M. U. (2017). Diversification opportunities between emerging and frontier Asian (EFA) and developed stock markets. Finance Research Letters, 23, 223-232.

Pedroni, P. (2004). Panel cointegration: asymptotic and finite sample properties of pooled time series tests with an application to the PPP hypothesis. Econometric theory, 597-625.

Pukthuanthong, K., & Roll, R. (2009). Global market integration: An alternative measure and its application. Journal of Financial Economics, 94(2), 214-232.

Rizavi, S. S., Naqvi, B., & Rizvi, S. K. A. (2011). Global and regional financial integration of Asian stock markets. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 2(9).

Rizavi, S. S., Naqvi, B., & Rizvi, S. K. A. (2011). Global and regional financial integration of Asian stock markets. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 2(9).

Rodriguez, J. C. (2007). Measuring financial contagion: A copula approach. Journal of empirical finance, 14(3), 401-423.

Shahzad, S. J. H., Kanwal, M., Ahmed, T., & Rehman, M. U. (2016). Relationship between developed, European and South Asian stock markets: a multivariate analysis. South Asian Journal of Global Business Research, Vol. 5 No. 3, pp. 385-402.

Syllignakis, M. N., & Kouretas, G. P. (2011). Dynamic correlation analysis of financial contagion: Evidence from the Central and Eastern European markets. International Review of Economics & Finance, 20(4), 717-732.

Tahari, A., Brenner, P. D., De Vrijer, E., Moretti, M., Solé, J., Senhadji, A., & Sensenbrenner, G. (2007). Financial sector reforms and prospects for financial integration in Maghreb countries.

Yang, J., Hsiao, C., Li, Q., & Wang, Z. (2006). The emerging market crisis and stock market linkages: further evidence. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 21(6), 727-744.

Yang, J., Kolari, J. W., & Min, I. (2003). Stock market integration and financial crisis: the case of Asia. Applied Financial Economics, 13(7), 477-486.

Yu, J. S., & Hassan, M. K. (2008). Global and regional integration of the Middle East and North African (MENA) stock markets. The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, 48(3), 482-504.

Downloads

Published

2022-06-26

Versions